The Gospel according to Luke is the first part of a two-volume work that continues the biblical history of God's dealings with humanity found in the Old Testament, showing how God's promises to Israel have been fulfilled in Jesus and how the salvation promised to Israel and accomplished by Jesus has been extended to the Gentiles. The stated purpose of the two volumes is to provide Theophilus and others like him with certainty--assurance--about earlier instruction they have received (Luke 1:4). To accomplish his purpose, Luke shows that the preaching and teaching of the representatives of the early church are grounded in the preaching and teaching of Jesus, who during his historical ministry (Acts 1:21-22) prepared his specially chosen followers and commissioned them to be witnesses to his resurrection and to all else that he did (Acts 10:37-42). This continuity between the historical ministry of Jesus and the ministry of the apostles is Luke's way of guaranteeing the fidelity of the Church's teaching to the teaching of Jesus. - Luke's story of Jesus and the church is dominated by a historical perspective. This history is first of all salvation history. God's divine plan for human salvation was accomplished during the period of Jesus, who through the events of his life (Luke 22:22) fulfilled the Old Testament prophecies (Luke 4:21; 18:31; 22:37; 24:26-27, 44), and this salvation is now extended to all humanity in the period of the church (Acts 4:12). This salvation history, moreover, is a part of human history. Luke relates the story of Jesus and the church to events in contemporary Palestinian (Luke 1:5; 3:1-2; Acts 4:6) and Roman (Luke 2:1-2; 3:1; Acts 11:28; 18:2, 12) history for, as Paul says in Acts 26:26, "this was not done in a corner." Finally, Luke relates the story of Jesus and the church to contemporaneous church history. Luke is concerned with presenting Christianity as a legitimate form of worship in the Roman world, a religion that is capable of meeting the spiritual needs of a world empire like that of Rome. To this end, Luke depicts the Roman governor Pilate declaring Jesus innocent of any wrongdoing three times (Luke 23:4, 14, 22). At the same time Luke argues in Acts that Christianity is the logical development and proper fulfillment of Judaism and is therefore deserving of the same toleration and freedom traditionally accorded Judaism by Rome (Acts 13:16-41; 23:6-9; 24:10-21; 26:2-23).
(...) - Early Christian tradition, from the late second century on, identifies the author of this gospel and of the Acts of the Apostles as Luke, a Syrian from Antioch, who is mentioned in the New Testament in Col 4:14, Philippians 1:24 and 2 Tim 4:11. The prologue of the gospel makes it clear that Luke is not part of the first generation of Christian disciples but is himself dependent upon the traditions he received from those who were eyewitnesses and ministers of the word (Luke 1:2). His two- volume work marks him as someone who was highly literate both in the Old Testament traditions according to the Greek versions and in Hellenistic Greek writings. (...) - Luke's consistent substitution of Greek names for the Aramaic or Hebrew names occurring in his sources (e.g., Luke 23:33; // Mark 15:22; Luke 18:41; // Mark 10:51), his omission from the gospel of specifically Jewish Christian concerns found in his sources (e.g., Mark 7:1-23), his interest in Gentile Christians (Luke 2:30-32; 3:6, 38; 4:16-30; 13:28-30; 14:15-24; 17:11-19; 24:47-48), and his incomplete knowledge of Palestinian geography, customs, and practices are among the characteristics of this gospel that suggest that Luke was a non-Palestinian writing to a non-Palestinian audience that was largely made up of Gentile Christians. - The principal divisions of the Gospel according to Luke are the following: I. The Prologue (Luke 1:1-4) II. The Infancy Narrative (Luke 1:5-2:52) III. The Preparation for the Public Ministry (Luke 3:1-4:13) IV. The Ministry in Galilee (Luke 4:14-9:50) V. The Journey to Jerusalem: Luke's Travel Narrative (Luke 9:51-19:27) VI. The Teaching Ministry in Jerusalem (Luke 19:28-21:38) VII. The Passion Narrative (Luke 22:1-23:56) VIII. The Resurrection Narrative (Luke 24:1-53) - (NAB)
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Revised Standard Version (1966) - English
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