Hannibal Mary Di
Francia (1851-1927)
Hannibal Mary Di Francia was born in Messina,
Italy, on July 5, 1851. His father Francis was a knight, the Marquises of St.
Catherine of Jonio, Papal Vice-Consul and Honorary Captain of the Navy. His
mother, Anna Toscano, also belonged to an aristocratic family. The third of
four children, he lost his father when he was only fifteen months old. The sad
experience of losing a parent made him deeply sensitive to the plight of
children bereft of parents and this, influenced his life and his educational
system.
In childhood he developed such love for the
Eucharist that he was allowed to receive Communion daily, something quite
exceptional in those days. He was only seventeen when, at prayer in front of
the Blessed Sacrament, he was given the "revelation of Rogate",
that is, he deeply felt that vocations in the Church come only through prayer.
Subsequently he found that such prayer is commanded by Jesus in the Gospel when
He says: "Ask [Rogate] the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers
to gather his harvest" (Mt 9:38; Lk 10:2). These
words became the fundamental insight to which he dedicated his entire life.
Hannibal proved to be of lively intelligence
with remarkable literary abilities. As soon as he felt the call of God, he
immediately responded by placing himself and his talents at the service of God.
After his theological studies, he was ordained a priest on March 16, 1878. A
few months before his ordination, he met an almost blind beggar, Francesco
Zancone, a providential encounter which led him to discover the sad social and
moral reality of one of the poorest neighborhoods in the outskirts of Messina
(Case Avignone). It was the beginning of a long walk and his boundless love for
the poor and the orphans was one of the primary characteristic of his life.
With the permission and the encouragement of
his bishop, Msgr. Joseph Guarino, he made the Avignone ghetto his home and
dedicated himself completely to the redemption of its inhabitants. In
accordance with the Gospel, he saw them as "sheep without a
shepherd". It was an experience strongly marked by misunderstandings,
difficulties and obstacles of every kind which he overcame by great faith,
seeing Jesus Christ in the poor and marginalized people. He was carrying out what
he defined as the "spirit of a twofold charity: the evangelization of and
the care for the poor". In 1882 he started his orphanages, which were
called "Anthonian Orphanages" because they were placed under the
patronage of St. Anthony of Padua. His concern was not only to provide the
children with food and occupation, but above all to assure that they were
brought up in a way that integrated the moral and religious aspects of their
lives, offering a family climate which helped lead them to discover and follow
God's plan for them.
With his missionary spirit he wanted to reach
out to the orphans and the poor all over the world. But how could he do it? He
perceived that the "Rogate" was the real answer. He wrote: "What
are these few orphans we attend to, these few people we bring the good news to,
compared to the millions who are lost and abandoned as sheep without a
shepherd?... I looked for an answer and I found a complete one in the words of
Jesus: 'Ask the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers to gather his
harvest'. I concluded then that I had found the secret key to all good works
and to the salvation of all souls".
Hannibal felt that the Rogate was not simply
the Lord's recommendation, but an explicit command and an "infallible
remedy". For this reason, his charism can be considered as giving life to
a providential foundation in the Church. He was also a forerunner in
considering the work of committed lay persons, like parents, teachers, and even
good government workers, as vocations.
To carry out his apostolic ideals in the Church
and in the world, he founded two religious Congregations: the Daughters of
Divine Zeal, in 1887, and the Rogationists ten years later. He wanted both
institutions to live the Rogate as a fourth vow. The institutions were canonically
approved on August 6, 1926.
In a petition to St. Pious X, in 1909, Father
Hannibal stated: "From my early youth I have committed myself to that Holy
Word of the Gospel: ‘Rogate ergo...' From my small Institutes an unceasing
daily prayer is raised by the orphans, the poor, the priests and the
consecrated virgins, to the most Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary, to St. Joseph
and the Apostles, that they may abundantly provide the Church with holy and
chosen priests and with evangelical workers for the spiritual harvest of
souls".
To spread the prayer for vocations he promoted
several initiatives: he had personal epistolary contacts with the Popes of his
time, he instituted a "Holy Alliance", a movement of prayer for
vocations intended for the clergy, and the "Pious Union of the Evangelical
Rogation" for all the faithful. He published the periodical "God and
Neighbor", to involve everyone in these ideals.
"The entire Church must formally pray for
this aim," he wrote, "because the purpose of the prayer to gain
vocations must concern all the faithful, every Christian who has at heart the
good of souls and, in a particular way, the Bishops who are the shepherds of
the spiritual flock and to whom souls are entrusted. They are the living
Apostles of Jesus Christ today." The annual World Day of Prayer for
Vocations instituted by Pope Paul VI in 1964 can be considered a response to
his intuition.
His love for the priesthood was great. He
strongly believed that the world could be redeemed only through the work of
many holy priests. That is why he was deeply concerned with the spiritual
formation of the seminarians entrusted to him by the Bishop of Messina. He used
to say that without a lot of prayer and a solid spiritual training, "all
the efforts of bishops and of seminary educators would only result in
artificial priests". He strove to become himself a model of the "good
laborer" of the Gospels, and to be a priest according the Heart of Jesus.
His charity knew no bounds, and was directed towards all kinds of people in
need, including priests facing difficulties and cloistered nuns.
Even when he was still alive, his reputation as
a saint was widespread on all levels. When he died in Messina, on June 1st,
1927, people began to say: "Let us go to see the sleeping saint". He
died comforted by the vision of the Blessed Virgin Mary, whom he had loved so
much during his life.
His funeral, according to the chronicles and
pictures in the newspapers of that time, became a triumph. Civil authorities
promptly granted permission for his burial in the Shrine of the
"Evangelical Rogation" which Fr. Hannibal himself had built in
Messina and wanted to be dedicated to the command of the Gospel: "Ask,
therefore, the Lord of the Harvest to send workers into his harvest...".
The religious families founded by Blessed
Hannibal are currently present on all the continents. According to the ideals
of their founder, they dedicate themselves to spreading the prayer for
vocations through centers for vocations, publishing houses and printing presses,
institutions for orphans and abandoned children, schools for deaf and mute,
nutritional centers, homes for aged, homes for single mothers, and professional
and vocational schools.
The
sanctity and mission of Fr. Hannibal as an "outstanding Apostle of the prayer
for vocations" are deeply felt in our time by all who are concerned with
the need for vocations in the Church. John Paul II proclaimed Father Hannibal a
Blessed on October 7, 1990 and defined him as the "authentic forerunner
and zealous master of the modern pastoral care for vocations".
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